Adobe predicted performance gains of 1.2x to 1.4x on 4-6 core systems, and up to 3x on 16-core systems with at least 48GB of RAM.
Professional reviews and technical benchmarks highlight that while v18.0 pushed boundaries, it remained highly resource-dependent. After Effects 18.0 is here! - Adobe Community
The most significant technical shift in v18.0 (initially in public beta) was the introduction of Multi-Frame Rendering.