Before choosing tools, a researcher must decide on their philosophical stance:
Every member has a known chance of being selected (Random, Stratified). This reduces bias. Research Methodology
Focuses on "what works" best for the specific research question, often leading to mixed methods. 3. Qualitative vs. Quantitative vs. Mixed Methods Before choosing tools, a researcher must decide on
Uses software like SPSS or Excel to perform descriptive (means, frequencies) or inferential (t-tests, regressions) statistics. Before choosing tools
Must address informed consent, anonymity, and the prevention of harm to participants. Conclusion
Combines both to provide a more holistic view of the research problem. 4. Data Collection Methods (The "How") This section details the practical steps taken: