: This is the data collected beyond what is necessary for service improvement. Companies like Google and Facebook harvest this "surplus" (including search errors, typing speed, and location) to feed AI systems.

: The processed data is turned into "prediction products". These are sold to business customers who want to know—and eventually influence—what users will do next.

: Zuboff introduces this term to describe a new form of power that works through the "Big Other"—a ubiquitous digital architecture that monitors and modifies behavior without the need for physical coercion.

In her seminal work, ( La era del capitalismo de la vigilancia ), Shoshana Zuboff argues that modern tech giants have pioneered a "rogue" mutation of capitalism. This system treats private human experience as free raw material to be translated into behavioral data for profit. Core Thesis and Concepts

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